We believe that some of you get this error when deploying your ASP.NET MVC 5 to shared hosting:

[FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.]

Previously, we have written blog about how to deploy your MVC to shared hosting environment. In this tutorial, we will be more focusing on above error message.

This is also one of a few component libraries that are needed for deploying an MVC application:

• System.Web.Helpers.dll (required by the web.config)
• System.Web.Mvc.dll
• System.Web.Razor.dll
• System.Web.WebPages.dll
• System.Web.WebPages.Razor.dll
• Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.dll

The system libraries are installed with .NET 4, however, 'Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.dll' is only installed when Visual Studio is installed on the machine.  Therefore, short of needing to install MVC and Visual Studio on a production environment, we need to deploy the libraries with out application - and we'd like to do so automatically.

There are a few ways to automatically deploy the 'Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.dll' component library with your application.  The steps depend on which version of Visual Studio you are using.

1. Right-click on your project and select "Add Deployable Assemblies" and you'll see the following dialog:

2. When deploying for MVC, only choose the first option.  Never mind the second option even though it says "Razor syntax." The second option is for deploying the required libraries for projects officially known today as ASP.NET Web Pages. Once you click OK, you'll see a new folder appear in your project called _bin_deployableAssemblies with the required libraries.

For .NET, this is a special folder:

• This is a secondary bin folder for framework dependencies.  If you right-click on any one of the .dll's shown in this folder, you'll see that the libraries are set to "Copy to Output Directory".  When the application is packaged/deployed, the libraries (and the folder) are also copied.  Again, the framework will also automatically check this folder for dependencies.
• For .NET, any folder that begins with an underscore ("_") is considered private and non-accessible to the browser.  Therefore, you can rest knowing that the dependencies are secure.

Note that this process did not add any references to these libraries in your project.  They are simply here for the framework to run your MVC application.  If you do, in fact, need a type or class from one of these libraries, you are free to still add it as a reference as you normally would.

The above method is for Visual Studio 2010. How about in Visual Studio 2012? Then, please stay here, don’t exit from our blog. We almost finish our tutorial. Stay focus. :)

After Visual Studio 2010, the "Add Deployable Assemblies" option was removed from the project's options menu.  The system libraries are automatically copied to the Bin folder of your project. However, again, the 'Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.dll' is only available on machines that have Visual Studio installed.  So how do you deploy this library with you application if you don't want to install Visual Studio on a production environment?  I'm glad you asked.  You'll need to use the Package Manager.

1. Run the following command in the package manager (if you're not familiar with Visual Studio, this can be reached by going to "Tools --> Library Package Manager --> Package Manager Console" in the top menu).

2. At the PM> prompt type

Install-Package Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure

3. You will see then see a message indicating that it has been installed and added to your project.

4. You'll also see that 'Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.dll' has been added as a reference in your References folder.

5. Finally, now, when you deploy your application, 'Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.dll' will be included in the Bin folder.

Conclusion

We hope with tutorial above, you can easily deploy your MVC application without any problem. If this article, please share it!! Please tell the world. :)

I have build a ASP.NET 4.5 and ASP.NET MVC 6 web app which works fine locally (IIS Express & dev server) but once I deploy it to my web server, sometimes it throws Error:

• 403.14 - Forbidden (The Web server is configured to not list the contents of this directory.)
• 404 - Not Found (The resource you are looking for has been removed, had its name changed, or is temporarily unavailable)

  

SOLUTION

• Make sure the Application pool targets correct version of .NET framework (i.e .NET Framework v4.0.30319 for .NET 4.5 and 4.5.2)
• Make sure You have setup the website as an application in IIS
• Make sure the Pipeline mode of IIS Application pool is "Integrated"
• Check UrlRoutingModule-4.0 is added in the modules of that website.
• (To do that, open list of added modules by clicking "Modules" against your website, and see if the module "UrlRoutingModule-4.0" is added or not). If not, then add a module by clicking "Add Managed Module" button, where select System.Web.Routing.UrlRoutingModule as a Module type, and give "UrlRoutingModule-4.0" as its name)
• Make sure you have following element added in system.webServer section of website's web.config

<system.webServer>
<modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"></modules> 
</system.webServer>

In most cases of HTTP Error 403.14, or 404, above are the possible causes and fixes. 

We all know how important it is to validate user input, but it’s equally important how we present validation errors to the user. Take the following form you can see below:

The email field needs to be optional but any address entered must be valid. If a validation error occurs, it should replace the optional label with the error message. Behind the scenes I’m using Data Annotations to validate the email address, so any errors will be passed into the ModelState. ASP.NET MVC 6 has built-in support for showing these errors (using the ValidateMessageFor helper) so it’s easy to write a wrapper around that, supplying the ‘optional’ text as a parameter.

Here’s an extension method for the HtmlHelper:
public static class ExtensionMethods

{
 public static MvcHtmlString HelpMessageFor<TModel, TProperty>(this HtmlHelper<TModel> htmlHelper, Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression, string helpText)
{
        var validation = htmlHelper.ValidationMessageFor(expression);
        if (validation == null)
            return new MvcHtmlString("<span class='help-inline muted'>" + helpText + "</span>");
        else
            return validation;
    }
}

Here’s it’s usage:

<fieldset>
  <div class="control-group">
        @Html.LabelFor(x => x.EmailAddress, "Email", new { @class = "control-label" })
        <div class="controls">
            @Html.TextBoxFor(x => x.EmailAddress, new { @class = "input-xlarge", placeholder = "Enter an email address" })
            @Html.HelpMessageFor(x => x.EmailAddress, "Optional")
        </div>
    </div>
</fieldset>

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